Hi There, Before someone says all the information you need can be found on this site or your brokers site which will explain this in detail, it is there and will tell you and a lot of your initial questions will be found with internet search, forum search or your brokers website search.
Lets firstly break this down.
EURUSD this is the rate of exchange for the EUR versus the USD.
The EUR is the primary currency and the USD is the secondary currency.
The Primary is usually 1 unit and the exchange rate shows you how many of the secondary currency at that given point.
So 1 EUR is worth 1.2850 USD in your first example.
Its good that you have questions but what you need to do before you go any further is find the answers to these questions rather than ask people to spoon feed. I say this not to be nasty but to hopefully prevent you from falling into a nasty habit. As if you cant find or research the answers your self then you will hit many walls in the future through lack of understanding.
Start with the basics as you are doing, keep a notepad for your questions and research projects and tick them off when you have a satisfactory answer. If you have something that completely vexes you you may take this research off in a new direction and explore it.
At this stage of your trading career you need to think of yourself as a researcher as opposed to a trader.
The time you spend now doing this ground work will set the foundation for you life long career in trading. You may feel disheartened now or in the future but stick with it this hard work and research now is an investment in your future so stick with it and good luck.
