From my point of view, most economic releases are 'betting' opportunities for many traders.
'buy on rumour, sell on news' can apply to a country increasing / decreasing their interest rate for instance, Price will often rally / decline until the decision day. Sometimes the Price does nothing, sometimes the rumour will grab hold that the increase / decrease will be .50 points rather than Actual .25.
Price can travel sideways for an extended period of Time until the announcement -- hours, sometimes days.
The Consensus is the 'odds' for the bet
if the Consensus is an underestimate -- pair dependant -- Prices will drop -- non-US, and vice versa.
The previous US Non Farm Payroll contained an unexpected 'revision' -- in hindsight an obvious pre-election ploy by the administration, it also points out how nebulous Actual data is -- how can hundreds of thousands of new payrolls not be counted ?
Regardless of whether such reports are accurate or not, trades -- bets -- are placed on what the Actual will be, for some, based on the + / - Consensus amount.
Sometimes the Consensus / Actual from previous years may provide a guide to 'this' month's release, however note different business / economic cycles.
Volatility accompanies many releases -- but doesn't always repeat for 'that' release next month
Stops above / below pre-release Price will often get hit before the Price quickly reverses traveling sometimes for many pips/points -- continuing the trend or, beginning a new trend.
Since both the Consensus and Actual are unreliable -- ie over / underestimation, revisions
one should concentrate on the PriceTime Movement alone
note where and when a particular release will occur in the overall Movement and trade accordingly.