Yes and some issuers can be over-vigilant imho. I think they have programs which crudely establish your spending pattern with reference to location, amount, type of goods bought etc. and if you suddenly stray from your usual spending habitat a security alert is created, which can result in a rejection. Online purchases are particularly prone to this, especially ones related to gambling.
Once I had the cheek to buy an expensive bottle of whisky for a friend's 30th, a mere 35 miles away from where I live and the next day I was called by security and asked if it had been me at the till! They may as well have asked whether I led an unusually sheltered life while they were at it. Still, one day I'll thank them for it, no doubt.