Beginner Q: Exchange Rates

Context: I'm a total beginner and I just can't seem to get this straight in my mind, so I'm asking here for some clarification.

I understand that we have the spot and futures market.

Spot is like cash trading of currency pairs for their value at that point in time, and spot FX trading systems are market-makers, meaning they set the price and they have almost like a private network of traders.

Futures is based on the future value of a currency pair and traded in contracts on the CME. Here there are lots of different traders, from banks to private and they all trade together OTC with the exchange matching the best prices (so no funny business with widening spreads and slippage etc.).

So when I'm going on holiday, and I walk past a money exchange and they're telling me the price of converting my currency, how are they getting that rate?

Is it the activity on the CME (or somewhere else?) what determines the exchange rate that you're quoted at these places, or are these places trading on the CME and just giving you a price as if they were sat at a computer creating an order?

Any help would be great.

Thanks

Money exchange operations base their rates on spot. Futures prices are also based on spot, adjusted for interest rate differentials.